The series finale covers Task E: National Airspace System. This episode is unique — I cover the same task at the Private Pilot, Commercial, and CFI levels side by side, pointing out where the requirements differ. I also demonstrate live ForeFlight route planning from Russellville to Destin, showing how the profile view reveals airspace conflicts, MOA deconfliction, restricted areas, and Class C/B transitions.

ACS Elements at a Glance

PA.I.E.K1 Airspace classes, associated requirements, and limitations
PA.I.E.K2 Chart symbols
PA.I.E.K3 Special use airspace (SUA), SFRAs, TFRs, and other airspace areas
PA.I.E.K4 Special VFR requirements
PA.I.E.R1 Risk management for various classes and types of airspace
PA.I.E.S1 Identify and comply with VFR weather minimums per airspace class
PA.I.E.S2 Correctly identify airspace; comply with comm and equipment requirements
PA.I.E.S3 Identify requirements for SUA and TFR operations
ForeFlight Demonstration: KRUE to DTS

Planning a route from Russellville to Destin at 5,500 feet, ForeFlight’s profile view shows we’ll clear Little Rock’s Class C but encounter the Meridian 2 MOA (active 8,000–FL180) and restricted area R2915A near Destin (surface to unlimited). I demonstrate how to long-press on the MOA to find the controlling frequency (Memphis Center, 124.4) and explain the difference between “active” and “cold” restricted areas.

Give thorough answers, not minimum answers. When I ask “what does that MOA mean?” don’t just say “military operating area.” Tell me it’s the Meridian 2 MOA, it’s active from 8,000 to FL180, you’ll be below it at 5,500, and you’ve noted 124.4 for flight following deconfliction. That kind of answer covers the question and demonstrates risk management in one shot.

Private vs. Commercial vs. CFI: The knowledge and skill elements are nearly identical across all three ACS documents. The only addition at the CFI level is K4 — currency of publications. The real difference is that the CFI must demonstrate the ability to teach these concepts, not just know them.

VSL ACE Guide

Every airspace class links directly to its FAR, the PHAK chapter, and the chart user’s guide. The ACE Guide also includes a free FAA WINGS airspace course link on the Task E page.

Get the ACE Guide